| Mechanism of Action | Roxithromycin is a semi synthetic long acting macrolide antibiotic. It binds to the 50S sub unit of bacterial ribosome and inhibits translocation.ie: they interfere with the transfer of the newly formed peptide chain from the A site to the P site and fails to expose the A site .So that A site is unable to bind with the next aminoacyl t RNA complex. This leads to premature termination of amino acid chain and there by inhibits protein synthesis. |
| PharmacoKinetics | Absorption: Roxithromycin is absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is widely distributed in the body in protein bound form. Metabolism: small portion undergo metabolism. Excretion: It is primarily excreted through bile and also excreted through urine and breast milk |
| Onset of action | 1 – 2 hours |
| Duration of action | 8 – 12 hours |
| Adverse Effects | 1. Nausea 2. Vomiting 3. Diarrhoea 4. Epigastric pain 5. Fever 6. Rash 7. Urticaria 8. Increase in liver enzyme concentrations |
| Contraindications | 1. Hypersensitivity to Roxithromycin and other macrolide 2. Use of ergotamine type compound along with Roxithromycin |
| Special Precautions | 1. Hepatic dysfunction |
| Pregnancy | Contraindicated |
| Breastfeeding | Contraindicated |
| Old Age | May be used |
| Drug Interactions | Digoxin: Increases absorption.
Midazolam: Increases its half-life. Terfenadine: Serum levels elevated leading to ventricular arrhythmias. Disopyramide: Displaced from its protein bound sites. |
| Indications | 1. Pneumonia 2. Tonsilitis 3. Pharyngitis 4. Bronchitis 5. ENT infection 6. Tetanus 7. Diphtheria 8. Sinusitis 9. Gonorrhea 10. Wound and burn infection 11. Skin and soft tissue infections 12. Pertusis 13. Urogenital infection |
| Dosage | Adult: 300 mg in two divided dose for 1 – 2 week
Children: 4 – 8 mg/kg body weight/day in divided dose |
| Schedule | H |
| Storage | Store in a cool dark place. Keep away from heat and moisture. |
| Overdose | Give supportive measures and treatment |
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